witnessing, giving, teaching [womens’ groups and Sunday-school classes], singing and testifying [in the public-worship service], etc.) No doubt their arduous labors had much to do with the great advancement of the Philippian church. But of late, these women had had their differences and were no longer laboring together and perhaps were not laboring at all (they had ceased obeying the teaching found in Phil. 2:2–4, and had permitted envy and jealousy to come into their lives). The entire church was